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| Princess Charlotte of Monaco weds Count Pierre de Polignac |
On 2 February 1920 in Paris, the engagement was announced between Count Pierre de Polignac and Princess Charlotte of Monaco, Duchess ofValentinois. This union between the French nobleman and the Monegasque royal was destined to secure the future of the Grimaldi dynasty.
Count Pierre Marie Xavier Raphaël Antoine Melchior de Polignac was born on 24 October 1895 at the Château de Kerscamp. Pierre was the fourth son and seventh child of Count Maxence de Polignac and Suzanne de la Torre y Mier. Pierre served in the French Armed Forces during World War I. He became a friend of Marcel Proust and Jean Cocteau.
Charlotte Louise Juliette de Monaco was born on 30 September 1898 at Constantine, French Algeria. Charlotte was the only child of Prince Louis of Monaco and Marie Juliette Louvet. In 1919, Prince Louis formally adopted Charlotte in Paris, and she was recognised as his legitimate daughter as a consequence of this adoption. Charlotte was transformed from being simply "Mademoiselle Charlotte Grimaldi de Monaco" into "Her Serene Highness Princess Charlotte of Monaco, Duchess ofValentinois."
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| The Hereditary Prince Albert and Hereditary Princess Mary of Monaco |
Charlotte's father Louis (1870-1949) was the only son of Prince Albert I of Monaco (1848-1922) and Lady Mary Victoria Hamilton (1850-1922), who married in 1869 and whose marriage was annulled in 1880. Prince Albert was the only child of Prince Charles III of Monaco (1818-1889) and Countess Antoinette de Mérode (1828-1864). Lady Mary was the only daughter of William Hamilton (1811-1863), the 11th Duke of Hamilton, and Princess Marie Amelie of Baden (1817-1888).
The Duke and Duchess of Valentinois welcomed their first child within nine months of their union. Princess Antoinette Louise Alberte Suzanne of Monaco was born on 28 December 1920 at Paris. Almost three years later, Charlotte and Pierre produced their second child and only son: Prince Rainier Louis Henri Maxence Bertrand of Monaco arrived at the Princely Palace in Monte Carlo on 31 May 1923. After the birth of their second and last child, Pierre and Charlotte's marriage foundered.
In March 1930, Princess Charlotte and Prince Pierre legally separated after a decade of not-so-wedded bliss. Former French president Raymond Poincaré acted as a mediator for the princely couple. Charlotte left her husband in favour of her lover, the Italian doctor Pietro Dalmazzo. In her case for a separation, Charlotte sought a division of the couple's marital property. In his followup to his wife's lawsuit, Pierre cited Charlotte's lover Dr Dalmazzo as a factor in the breakdown of the marriage. Pierre temporarily placed his children, Antoinette and Rainier, in the custody of Princess Henriette of Belgium, Duchess of Vendome. This infuriated Pierre's father-in-law Prince Louis II. In February 1933, the divorce between Hereditary Princess Charlotte of Monaco and Prince Pierre was officially announced by the princely palace in Monte Carlo. In a letter to her father, the princess wrote: "All I ask is to be permitted to seek a peaceful life for myself. For reasons which have been clear for three years, I ask you to dissolve my marital ties and to grant me an absolute divorce." The dissolution of the couple's marriage "led to unofficial indications of displeasure from the Vatican." As a condition of receiving the divorce, and in a stipulation that was only ratified years later, Charlotte gave up her succession rights so that her son Rainier would be the immediate heir of his grandpa Louis.
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| Prince Rainier, Princess Charlotte, Prince Pierre, and Princess Antoinette of Monaco in 1956. |
Some time after, when I was older, Aunt Grace told me that the royal wedding day and the whole period that preceded it were among the worst ordeals she had ever known. At the various official and unofficial occasions, the lunches, the dinners, and the other family gatherings, she was miserably aware of the tension that existed in most of the family, and especially between Charlotte and Polignac, who even carried on vicious arguments right in front of her and Uncle Rainier. At one point she heard Polignac say, in a deliberate slight to Charlotte, and referring to her illegitimate birth, "At least my son married a real princess!" Grace had naturally dreamed that her new parents-in-law would be pleasant and compatible; the fact that her mother-in-law was less than welcoming to her and that Mamou despised her own [ex-]husband was very painful to Grace, for whom family links were of primary importance. One of her first wishes was to make the difficult, quarrelling Grimaldis a family as united as hers. She now understood that this was impossible.
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| Charlotte and Pierre. |
As we conclude our exploration of the tumultuous marriage between Princess Charlotte of Monaco and Count Pierre de Polignac, it is clear that their union was marked by significant challenges and ultimately led to a divorce. The couple's struggles, which began shortly after their wedding in 1920, were characterized by a lack of compatibility and ultimately, a desire for separation. Despite the efforts of former French President Raymond Poincaré to mediate the couple's differences, Princess Charlotte ultimately chose to leave her husband for another man, Italian doctor Pietro Dalmazzo. This decision had significant implications for the future of the Grimaldi dynasty, as Princess Charlotte was forced to relinquish her succession rights to her son Rainier in order to secure her divorce.
The story of Princess Charlotte's marriage serves as a poignant reminder of the complexities and challenges that can arise within royal families. Despite the grandeur and prestige associated with royal life, the personal struggles and relationships within these families are often fraught with difficulty. As we reflect on the experiences of Princess Charlotte and Count Pierre de Polignac, it is clear that their marriage was a significant chapter in the history of the Grimaldi dynasty, and one that had lasting impacts on the family's future. We hope that this article has provided a thoughtful and informative exploration of this fascinating period in European history, and we invite you to continue exploring our blog for more insights into the lives and experiences of royal families across Europe.